Hydrocarbon incandescent burner



No. 609,653. I Patented Aug. 23,' |898. R. BIDDLE, JH. 8f. E. J. FRGST.

HYDRCARBUN INCAN'DESCENT BURNER.

(Application tiled Mar. E, 1898.)

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ROBERT BIDDLE, JR., AND EDWARD J. FROST, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDROCARBON INCANDESCENT BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 609,653, dated August 23, y1898.

Application filed March 8, 1898.

To au whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, ROBERT BIDDLE, Jr., and EDWARD J. FRosr, of the city of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon Incandescent Burners,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this speciiication.

Our invention has reference to hydrocarbon-burners; and it consists in the improved construction of burner hereinafter particularly described and claimed.

Our present invention has particular reference to incandescent burners adapted for use especially of hydrocarbon oils of low gravity.

In burners of the hydrocarbon class heretofore invented great difficulty has been eX- perienced in producing the desired results when low-gravity oil has been used in operating them.

The object of our present invention is to provide a construction of burner wherein the best results may be obtained from the hydrocarbon oil, especially of low gravity, and to obtain from their use the highest possible efficiency.

A further object of our invention is to secure the greatest efficiency in a hydrocarbonburner of the simplest construction, having the parts reduced to a minimum, preventing the liability of getting out of order and reducing the cost of construction.

We are aware that hydrocarbon-burners of the incandescent class have been invented of various constructions, all of which vary one from the other in detail of construction and most of which involve, essentially, the same principle of operation; l

In burners of the hydrocarbon type in order to produce the best result it is essential that a mixing-chamber of considerable area between the point of admission of the air and gas and the burner proper be provided, and in providing for this feature it has been customary in most ofthe constructions of burner to set the injector in the base of the burner-frame at a considerable distance from the point of combustion. It is also essential in order to produce the best results, espe- Serial No. 673,090. (No model.) A

cially in burners wherein oils of low gravity are to be used, that the injector shall be sub jected at all times while the lamp is burning to a high degree of heat. It is the aim of our invention to provide an improved construction of hydrocarbon incandescent burner embodying these' essentialfeatures, as hereinafter particularly described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a sectional elevation of an incandescent hydrocarbon-burner embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of another forni of burner embodying our invention, slightly modified from that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view on the line to x of Fig. l.

As herein illustrated, we provide an inverted injector c in the main casting or body portion A in close proximity to and preferably integral with the upper cylindrical burner portion proper, @which becomes highly heated in the operation of the lamp,and consequently transmits theheat directly to and maintains that portion of the castingA containing the injector in a highly-heated state at all times while the lamp is burning. The inverted injector a is connected with the'` cylindrical burner-casing b by the elongated mixingchamber O C', preferably U-shaped. The air-intake CZ, located between the injectorpoint and the upper end ofthe chamber O, is preferably incased in a gauze covering c. The upper end of the section C' of the mixing-chamber communicates directly with and opens into the chamber ZJ', formed by the cylindrical walls of the burner-section b. The direction of the flow of fluids is indicated by the arrows.

In the construction shown in Fig. l the section e of the main casting A, of narrow width, contains the horizontally-disposed oil and gas channels f f2, hereinafter described, and intersects the mouth of the mixing-chamber C' at the point of connection with the chamber h', though sufficient area is left around the same for the free and unobstructed passage of the mixed air and gas to the burner, as indicated in Fig. 3.

In our hydrocarbon-burner described we preferably employ the construction of vertically-disposed elongated vaporizer which we IOO have described and claimed in our application for Letters Patent filed of even date herewith, consisting, essentially, of the small elongated oil-supply tube b2 and the return gas-tube b3, the oil-tube b2 beingv connected With the oil-supply pipe f through the medium of the channel f', and the tube b3 discharges into the gas-channelf2, connecting With the injector a.

In the construction shown in Fig. 1 the return gas-tube t3 is located Within the Vaporizing-tube b2, of larger diameter, While in the construction shoWn in Fig. 2 the vaporizingtube b2 and gas-tube b3 are formed in onecontinuous elongated U-shaped tube.

The tubes b2 b3 are provided vertically and centrally Within the mantle g, Which is secured upon the burner, as by the supportingrod h or by any suitable means, and being thus centrally located Within the said mantle throughout nearly its entire length is subject to the greatest heat produced by the mantle focusing toward its longitudinal center, thus accomplishing and insuring complete vaporization.

The usual supply-valve is provided in the pipe f and screw-threaded pin-valve j in the channel f2 to regulate the flow of gas and oil, respectively. To provide ready means of access to vthe injector-channel, We preferably continue the said channel through the Walls of the casing and close the same by a screwthreaded plug lo.

In operation the lamp is started, as usual in hydrocarbon-lamps such as have no fixed auxiliaryheater, by holding an ordinary heating-lamp in proximity With the upper portion of the burner, which when heated vaporizes a small quantity of oil and produces .asmall amount of gas sufficient to ignite above the burner and start the lamp. The mantle thus becoming partially incandescent the heat therefrom commences to generate more gas in the vaporizing-tube as the oil ows, properly regulated, from the pipe f to the channel f into the vaporizing-tube b2. The gas thus generated passes into and through the tube b3 and through the channel f2 to the inverted injector a. At this point the air passing into the port d mixes with the gas in the elongated mixing-chamber, comprising the U-shaped sections C c', and from thence in a properly commixed and commingled condition the gas and air pass to and out of the burner-section b, Where combustion takes place upon the Walls of the mantle g.

It Will be clear from the construction described of inverted injector located in close proximity to the heated cylindrical burnersection b thatan intense heat is constantly maintained in the injector-section and that from that point to the point of combustion an area of mixing-chamber-is provided to any desired extent. It is also clear that in our construction of lamp above described hydrocarbon oils even of the lowest gravity may be most satisfactorily employed in operating the lamp.

Having thus described our invention, what We claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an incandescenthydrocarbon-burner a burner-section having a chamber therein, a main body portion, a tubular vaporizer and a return gas-tube provided vertically and centrally Within a mantle, an inverted injector provided in the main body portion substantially centrally in the length of the combined burner, an air-inlet port and a depending enlarged mixing-chamber connecting the said inverted injector and the air-inlet port With the chamber in the burner-section, substantially as described.

2. In an incandescent hydrocarbon-burner, a main body portion, a burner-section provided thereon, a tubular vaporizer and return gas-tube'provided vertically and centrally within the mantle, an inverted injector provided in the main body portion near the burner-section, an air-inlet port and a depending mixing-chamber connecting the said inverted injector and air-inlet port With the burner-section, substantially as described.

3. In an incandescent hydrocarbon-burner, a main body portion, a cylindrical burnersection provided thereon, a mantle, an elongated tubular vaporizer and return gas-tube provided vertically and centrally Within the mantle, an inverted injector provided in the main body portion substantially centrally in the length Vof the combined burner, an airinlet port, and a depending U-shaped mixin g-chamber connecting the said inverted injector and air-inlet port with a chamber in the burner-section,substantially as described.

In Witness whereof We have hereunto set our hands this 7th day of March, A. D. 1898.

ROBERT BIDDLE, JR. EDWARD J. FROST. Witnesses:

BENJ. F. PERKINS, HORACE PETTIT.

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